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The Data
3
9
3
3
9
0
1
9
3
9
1
3
8
5
a
3
8
5
b
4
2
6
3
8
8
4
3
9
3
8
9
i
3
9
2
3
8
9
ii
4
5
8
4
5
9
a
4
5
9
b
4
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
7
4
3
7
4
4
8
4
4
9
4
6
4
a
4
6
4
b
4
6
4
c
4
6
4
d
4
6
0
G
A
T
A
H
4
Y
C
A
I
I
a
Y
C
A
I
I
b
4
5
6
6
0
7
5
7
6
5
7
0
C
D
Y
a
C
D
Y
b
4
4
2
4
3
8
     
     
     
  test
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Haplo
Group
 
Ancestral Haplotype -- Rib1c 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 19 37 37 12 11
1621-Wm>Robert 39042 R1b1c 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 15 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 18 36 37 12 11
        1797-James W. 48344 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 18 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 18 36 37 12 11
    1710-Joseph>Isaac 34238 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28                                                  
    1710-Joseph>Isaac 32806 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 18 37 37 12 11
    1710-Joseph>William 91793 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28                                                  
    1710-Joseph>William 33084 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 18 37 37 12 11
    1710-Joseph>Joseph 32519 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 18 37 37 12 11
    1710-Joseph>Joseph 39341 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 28 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 15 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 18 37 37 12 11
            E           A   A                                         C D      
1621-Wm>Jer>Wm>Wm ** 74015 R1b1 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 18 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 19 36 37 12 11
1621-Wm>Jer>Wm>Wm ** 43203 R1b1 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 18 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 15 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 19 37 37 12 11
1621-Wm>Jer>Wm>Jer>Noah>Jno 43861 R1b1 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 12 14 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 17                        
1621-Wm>Jer>Wm>Jer>Noah>Jas 33648 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 19 37 38 12 11
1621-Wm>Jer>Wm>Jer>Ezekiel 98585 R1b1 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 15 15 17 19 37 37 12 11
      1784-Jeremiah>H.G.W. 37421 R1b1 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 15 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 19 37 38 12 11
      1784-Jeremiah>H.G.W. 37123 R1b1 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 19 37 37 12 11
      1784-Jeremiah>Wm 32728 R1b1 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 15 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 19 37 37 12 11
      1784-Jeremiah>Wm 39755 R1b1 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 15 11 10 19 23 16 14 17 19 37 37 12 11
      1784-Jeremiah>Jno Clark 70850 R1b1 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 19 37 37 12 11
      1784-Jeremiah>Francis Marion 34732 R1b1 13 23 14 10 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 10 11 19 22 16 15 17 19 37 37 12 11
                        A   A                                                  
1621-Wm>Jer>Wm>Henry>Mordecai>Noah 35531 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29                                                  
1621-Wm>Jer>Wm>Henry>Mordecai>Dnl>Jno 51043 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 16 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 19 37 37 12 11
1621-Wm>Jer>Wm>Henry>Mordecai>Dnl>Jno 38208 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 13 11 14 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 15 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 19 37 37 12 11
          1862-Thomas J. 0SG02 R1b   23 14 11 11 15 12 12 11 14 13 29 17 9 10 11 11   15 19 31         11 11 19 23 16           12 11
                        B   B                                                  
1621-Wm>Jer>Mordecai>Jos>Jnthn 32731 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 17 19 37 37 12 11
1621-Wm>Jer>Mordecai>Jos>Jnthn 100965 R1b1 13 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16 15 16 19 37 37 12 11
       1805-Jesse Whitmer 0SG01 R1b 12 23 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 26 15 19 31 15 15 15 18 11 11 19 23 16           12 11
              F         G   G                                                  
      1780-William>Elisha 33774 R1b1 13 23 14 11 10 14 12 12 11 13 13 31 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 28 15 15 15 17 10 12 19 23 16 15 17 17 37 38 12 12
      1780-William>Elisha 41880 R1b1 13 23 14 11 10 14 12 12 11 13 13 31 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 28 15 15 15 17 10 12 19 23 16 15 17 17 37 38 12 12
      1780-William>Jno M. 92396 R1b1 13 23 14 11 10 14 12 12 11 13 13 31 17 9 10 11 11 24 15 19 28 15 15 15 17                        
                        B   B                                                  
      1779-Isom 56909 R1b1 13 24 14 11 12 14 12 12 13 13 13 29 17 9 9 11 11 25 14 19 29 15 15 16 17                        
  
Legend:
** - Kits 43203 & 74015 are brothers.
!! - The DNA evidence does not support the pedigree information for kit 33648,
and this kit is shown in two places -- where the pedigree indicates it should go (1621-Wm>Jer>Wm>Jeremiah) and where the DNA says it should go (1621-Wm>Jer>Wm>Henry).
Color Legend
The colors are to show similarity of certain mutations.

How to print the Colors
 
The mutations used in the pedigree chart below are marked in red letters on the spreadsheet above.  The values for markers DYS464 a - d were ignored for this evaluation.
The mutations possessed by each line are shown in green and orange rectangles below.
Here is a brief synopsis of the basis for the interpretation.
  1. All men tested so far are haplogroup R1b1 and one person has been tested and found to be R1b1c.
  2. It is assumed the rest of the group are also R1b1c.  The modal value for R1b1c is shown at the top of the spreadsheet -- it is assumed that William the immigrant's DNA signature derived from that.
  3. Any deviation from the modal is the newer mutation.
  4. Mutations are rare and random.  It is rarer still for a mutation to occur again at the same marker.  It is even rarer still for a mutation to occur at the same place and to reverse its value.  It is also extremely unlikely for the same mutation to occur at the same marker in different lines.
  5. DYS389-i and 389-ii can be confusing.  They can represent either one or two distinct mutation events.
    1. The easiest way to examine them is to subtract the first value from the second and use that as a substitute for the second value.
    2. Example: our modal haplotype for this marker is 13/28.  The difference is 15, so use the values 13/15 as the standard for comparison to any other values.
    3. Now consider a value of 14/29 -- subtract and get 14/15 and you can see that only the first portion changed with respect to the modal haplotype.
    4. A value of 13/31 becomes 13/18 which indicates a three-step change in the second portion, which could be a single mutation event.
    5. A value of 14/28 is a two-event mutation -- subtract and get 14/14 which is a change in both the first part and the second part.  This change in each portion is unlikely to have occurred in one generation.
 
Analysis
 
The lines of William (1780) and Isom (1779) are not shown in this drawing as there are no groups to compare them to at this time.
 
The spreadsheet at the top shows the DNA data.  The pedigree drawing directly above this shows an anaylsis of that data using the submitted pedigree information.  The branch where each mutation occurred and the approximate time frame within which it occurred is shown with the orange rectangles.  The mutations each line exhibits are shown in the green rectangles.  The Legend at the bottom tells which marker changed, its new value and the approximate time it changed.
The groups in yellow boxes are dead-end lines.  They are placed near the line the data implies they intersect.
     Marker   Value   Date of occurrence
A   DYS389   14/29   1691
B   DYS389   13/29   1691 - BEF 1805
C   DYS570   18   1656 - BEF 1710
D   CDYa   36   AFT 1656 - BEF 1797
E   DYS391   10   1729 - BEF 1784
F   DYS385a   10   unknown - 1780
G   DYS389   13/31   unknown - 1780
Mutation & approx. Date
Note:
  1. There are many Cloud lines -- not all of them are descended from William Cloud born 1621 in Calne, England.  Expect to see more distinct Cloud family lines as our Project grows.
  2. When looking for intersections of dead-end lines with other lines -- remember that there may be other lines which aren't shown because we have no DNA data on them or there may be additional lines we don't know about.
  3. Mutation A occurred with grandson William at his birth in 1691 -- because the lines of his three children carry it and the line of his brother Mordecai does not.  (The children's lines did not get it independently -- they got it from their father who either had the mutation or got it from his father.  Since Mordecai's line doesn't have it, we know his brother William did not get if from his father and so the mutation A occurred at his birth.)
  4. Mutation B appears in the line of grandson Mordecai born 1691 and in the disconnected line of Jesse born 1805.  His brother doesn't have it, so it occurred either with him at his birth in 1691 or in one of his children.  We can know it occurred prior to 1805 since Jesse's line has it.  More tests from distant cousins from the branch of Mordecai can tell us where the mutation occurred.  Jesse's ancestor came from the line with this mutation and knowing when it occurred will narrow their search.
  5. The line of Joseph (1710) carries mutation C only, but the lines of son Robert (1656) and that of James (1797) have the additional mutation D.
    1. C must have occurred either with Robert or later, but prior to the birth of Joseph in 1710.
    2. D occurred prior to the birth of James in 1797.  It did not occur with son Robert since the line of Joseph doesn't have it.
    3. If C occurred with son Robert in 1656, then all of his sons carried it.  Any of them could have experienced the mutation at D.  The line where mutation D occurred is where the researchers of James (1797) want to concentrate their research.
    4. We need more test subjects for the line of Robert to determine where D occurred.
  6. Mutation E appears in the line of great grandson William (1729) and of Jeremiah (1784).  This tells us it occurred either with the birth of William in 1729 or later, but prior to the birth of Jeremiah in 1784.
  7. One would expect both kits 33648 and 43861 to have either "A" alone or both "A & E".  Is there an error in one of their pedigrees?.
  8. The mutations -- F & G -- shown on the spreadsheet for the line of William (1780) could have occurred either before or at William's birth, since the lines of two sons carry them.  They and the other mutations appear to be definitive for this line but more information from parallel lines is needed.
  9. The line of Isom (1779) has too many differences with the other lines for it to be related to any of them.

We need to find other Cloud lines to participate in the study so we can answer the questions raised by the lines of William (1780) and Isom (1779)