Calne & Devizes, Wiltshire, England

CFJ Vol. X, No. 3, p. 4-5 (Caln, PA and Calne, Wilts. Eng.) 16

CFJ Vol. II, No. 4, pp. 2-5 17

(Robert Cloud Jr.), p. 3 (Thomas Cloud)

CFJ Vol. III, No. 3, p. 4 18

Is This the Earliest Cloud Immigrant to America?

Robert Cloud was brought to Virginia in 1643 by Richard Hoe, Gentleman (From "Early Virginia Immigrants 1623-166611 by George Cabell Greer.) Editor's Notes: This is little data to base a theory upon, however it is tempting to conclude that the Robert Cloud above is the first Cloud to come to America; up to now, the earliest data pointed to William Cloud of Calne Township, Pennsylvania being the immigrant ancestor for many Clouds. It is a historical fact that many laborers were brought to the Virginia and Maryland colonies from 1610 onward by people termed "gentlemen" to whom grants of land were given. Perhaps Robert Cloud was such a laborer, or even an indentured servant. Hopefully further research will turn up some answers to these puzzles.

CFJ Vol. IV, No. 3 (1981-1982), p. 41 19

INSIGHTS INTO THE NAME CLOUD. Many researchers are of the opinion that all people with the name CLOUD are related and can be linked to one ancestor, William Cloud, of Calne, England and Chester Co, Pennsylvania. The following excerpts from letters obviously prove the fallacy of this belief.

"We are all of Portuguese descent - sorry! The name was CLAUDIO and our relatives when they first came over couldn't read or write and it was made to be CLOUD! My father was Manuel Claudio, who was born in Azores, Portugal. Sorry I could not have been of service in your research."

"In reply to your letter, the name CLOUD is a translation of the name MARSENA. My father was born in Austria, and this name was changed in 1918 for business reasons because of the war."

Note: No matter what the ancestry, ethnic background, or beliefs, The Cloud Family Association exists for ALL CLOUDS, for all people have the right to celebrate their family and to be proud of their ancestry.

CFJ Vol. V, No. 1-4 (1982-1983), p. 18

AN OLD CLOUD MARRIAGE CERTIFICATE 20 (These data were supplied by Roy N. Cloud. The wording and spelling of the certificate was copied exactly from the copy of the original which Roy sent.)

"the:4:Day of the Aight mo 1676

from this time these are to sartefe to home so ever it may consarne yt Willim Cloud of Calne Junier & grase Welles of Casan dafter of ye widow Weles bouth frends of the meting of Calne who are consenting have manifest thaier intentes of mariage Savarall times to the metings Acording to goo Our er and now Att Blake Land meett: Beeing in John Fryes(?) hows have taken and Rasevd Ach other In marige in the prasence of god & Before thase wittnesis & all so have promised in the prasence of god & Beefore his pepell to Bee fiithfull one to another & to levet(?) to gather acording to-the Ourdinance of god Ase man & wife during thaier Apynted time the man one his part to be a faithfull & loving husban the woman one hare part to Be A faighfull loving & Obadient wife Ase god Pepell in All ages walked one towards Ach other in the Statt of mariages in witness heare to wee have so ubscribe ower Names.

(signed) William Cloud, Grace Cloud, (then listed) William Cloud Senr, Susan Cloud, Jane meate/Amats, Arthur, John Meate or Neate, Edward Bayley, John Fry Senr, John Fry Junr, Robert Card, Willam, John Willis:Margery Willis, William Tylor, Margrary Noyes, Sarah Smith, Mary Fry, (at) Calstone near Calne (England).

(Notes: This is the certificate of marriage for William Cloud and Grace Willis. William was the son of William Cloud and Susan James and came with his father to the colonies about 1682.)

CFJ Vol. X, No. 3 (1987-1988), p. 4

CALN AND CALNE 21

by John Whiles, Calne, Wiltshire

In November 1965 a letter arrived at the offices of the then Calne Borough Council from the Board of Commissioners, Caln Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. It advised that Caln Township in its present form would be celebrating its centennial in 1968, but that old Caln Township had been established in 1702 by settlers from Calne in Wiltshire. Some attempts were made to trace the links from the names appearing in the Township's 1715 assessment list, Cloud, Fflemin, Mendenhall, Moore, Roman, Smith, Swaffer, Taylor, and other early settlers' names. Aston, Baldwin, Coates, Efford, Hunt, Lewis, Miller, Musgrove, Parker, Pim and Richards, but it was not until the time of the American Bi-centennial that I decided to obtain copies of the correspondence and stated to search for the connection between the two towns.

CFJ Vol. X, No. 3 (1987-1988), p. 5

A GENEROUS OFFER! 22

Are you ready to visit Wiltshire, English home of the Clouds?

A very kind letter has been received from John and Phyllis Whiles of Calne, Wiltshire. Mr. Whiles has done extensive research on early families that went from Wiltshire to Pennsylvania to settle on land grants of William Penn. In the course of his research, he has compiled considerable Cloud data from the parish registers of Calne and Devizes. Much of this has been passed on to our Association by his U.S. Cloud correspondents and has been printed in earlier issues of the Cloud Family Newsletter. We are so pleased to have had the

benefit of his fine research on 17 July, 1982 a special "Salute to Pennsylvania" was held at the Parish Church of St. Mary in Calne.

The occasion highlighted three events - "to commemorate the tercentenary of the establishment o the State of Pennsylvania; to mark the contribution of those Wiltshiremen and women who emigrate and were agmongst the first settler in the new State, and to celebrate the official twinning between Calne Wiltshire, England and Caln Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States of America". For the occasion, an American flag flew from the flagpole on the tower of St. Mary's. A month earlier it had proudly waved from our own U.S. Capitol Building in Washington D.C., through an arrangement made by Jim Cloud with his senator. How special for this celebration

Now, if you are planning a trip to the Wiltshire area, Mr. Whiles most generously writes: "Should any member of your association be visiting Calne and let me know in advance my wife and I will be pleased to meet them. . . including visits to the churches at Calne and Devizes where many of the Clouds were baptised and married".

We are indebted to the Whiles for this most thoughtful offer to members of our Cloud Family Association. They may be contacted at: 71 Bryan's Close Rd., Calne, Wilts. SN11 9AD, England (phone: 0249-813150).

CFJ Vol. XI, No. 1 (1988-1989), pp. 18-19

ENGLISH QUAKERS 23

(From A COLLECTION OF THE SUFFERINGS OF THE PEOPLE CALLED QUAKERS by J. Besse)

Chapter 2, page 39: Anno 1660 Wiltshire

"On the 16th of the same Month [May], the Meeting at Calne was broken up by a Party

of Soldiers, who came with Swords drawn, and Pistols cockt, and violently haled out

those that were met, and when asked for their Warrant, shewed their Swords, saying,

"This is our Warrant". There were present among others at that Meeting, William

Cloud, John Grant, Israel Noise, John Tilboth, and Bridges Leader . . . "

CFJ Vol. XIII, No. 1 (1990-1991), p. 7

WILTSHIRE - NOW AND THEN 24

by John Whiles, Calne, Wiltshire, England

The following article was graciously prepared by John Whiles contrasting the 17th century home of the Cloud Family in Wiltshire with that of the present day. A former Mayor and Councilman of the city of Calne, Mr. Whiles is a most knowledgeable local historian. For further insight into early Wiltshire, he recommends the novel, Sarum, by Edward Rutherfurd (Arrow Books, 62-65 Chandos Place, London WC2N 4NW) - "a very readable book" of accurate historic content.

.... Service in Europe, Asia and Africa was not a new experience, for members of the Regiment had fought in many parts of the world. During the latter part of the 18th century it had fought on the continent of America in a vain attempt to prevent the colonists from seceding from Britain. The Regiment had sustained losses of over three hundred men in a total of five hundred men involved in the campaign. It may well be that, among those who opposed the men of Wiltshire, there were descendents of the emigrants from Wiltshire who had left the county one hundred years earlier when William Penn established the colony of Pennsylvania. The Cloud family, which had been living in and around Calne and Devizes during the latter part of the 16th century and the first half of the 17th century, were among the first settlers in the new state. Persecution for religious nonconformity was undoubtedly the prime reason for their leaving Britain, but there were great expectations among the emigrants that the new world would give them a better life than the one they had in England.

The towns and villages that the Clouds knew in the 17th century have changed out of all recognition. Most of the woollen mills of west Wiltshire are no more, their premises having been demolished or converted to other use. Large areas of land in the centre and south of the county have been taken over by the military. Acres of land, formerly used for grazing sheep, or growing wheat, barley, oats or rye, have been churned up by tanks and other army vehicles as they carry out exercises. Industry spreads wider and wider. Modern housing estates proliferate wherever opportunity for expansion exists. Roads expand, eating up the grass verges (highway shoulder) and devouring the countryside. Motor cars are everywhere and lorries (trucks) multiply at an alarming rate. Yet -- there is much that the 17th century Clouds and their contemporaries could identify.

Silbury Hill - the largest man-made mound in Europe. Standing some 130 feet high and covering over five acres at the base, its origin is lost in the mists of time. Certainly it is considered to be over 2,000 years old, because the Great West Road (Al), built by the Romans, diverges around the base of the hill.

Avebury - a series of stones that are now generally accepted to be older than the more famous stones at Stonehenge. In Calne - the 12th century Parish Church stands in the centre of the town, and the same bells that called William Cloud and his family to Church continue to ring out today.

At Bradford-on-Avon - among many items of architectural interest, the Saxon Church is generally regarded as the only complete example of its kind in England.

The village of Lacock, owned by the national Trust, is particularly fortunate in having a by-pass which allows it to retain much of its old-world character. In consequence, one is able to stroll around the village and look at its shops and houses in comparative peace. The Abbey dates back to the 13th century, and at one time possessed one of the original Magna Carta - the Great Charter which was part of the basis of English and American liberties. The 14th century barn is another "must" for the visitor to Lacock.

The village of Castle Combe, built in a hollow, with its stone cottages facing a tributary of the River Avon, also retains its rural character and has suffered little from the march of time.

Except for Robert Cloud who married Phoebe Neale by license of the Bishop of Salisbury, probably few 17th Century Clouds visited Salisbury, which lies at the southern extremity of the County, or saw the, now world famous, stones at Stonehenge. Whenever I travel to Salisbury, and see its beautiful spire, I am reminded of the description of it in my favourite novel - "See yonder, Cathedral tower, which points upwards with its great stone finger to the road which every man must travel". The Close which surrounds the Cathedral provides another of the few havens of peace in a busy world, and provides a striking contrast with the hustle and bustle of Salisbury City.

Around Stonehenge and Avebury are many of the burial barrows that are a feature of the countryside, and some of the barrows may date back to 3,000 B.C. However, of all the physical attributes of the County, that which may have appealed most to the 17th century Clouds could have been the rolling countryside of the Wiltshire Downs. Even today it is possible to walk for miles on sections of the Downs and see more animals than humans.

I know that I have not done justice to the land of your ancestors, but perhaps I have whetted your appetite to see the land where the Cloud family lived before they became pioneers in the New World. I am sure that my friends in the Wiltshire Family History Society would be pleased to meet members of the Cloud Family Association if they make the journey.

CFJ Vol. XIII, No. 1 (1990-1991), pp. 13-18

THE ENGLISH ANCESTRY OF WILLIAM CLOUD, IMMIGRANT TO PENNSYLVANIA 25

CFJ Vol. XIII, No. 1 (1990-1991), p. 19

CLOUD AS A SURNAME 26

Ed. note: Numerous books are available outlining the origins of various surnames. They differ markedly, however, in scholarship and some seem to derive more from fantasy than fact. With the plethora of books on the subject, it's hard to know whom to believe. Therefore, when in Canterbury, England this summer, I asked the Librarian of the Institute of Heraldic and Genealogical Studies who they considered to be the most authoritative source for English surnames. Her recommendation tilted to Reaney, quoted below.

A Dictionary of British Surnames by P.H. Reaney, Rutledge & Kegan Paul Publ., 1958.

Cloude: Wimarc'de la Clude 1199 P (so); Robert atte Cloude 1327 SRSo. 'Dweller by the rock or hill' (OE clud 'mass of rock, hill'), as at Temple Cloud (Som), Cloud Bridge (Warwicks), Clouds Wood (Herts).

A Dictionary of Surnames by Patrick Hanks & Flavia Hodges, Oxford Press, 1988.

Cloud I. English: topographic name for someone who lived near an outcrop or hill, from OE clud rock (only later used of the formations in the sky).

2. French: from the Gmc personal name Hlodald, composed of the elements hlod fame + wald rule, which was borne by a saint and bishop of the 6th cent.

Vars. (of I): Cloude. (Of 2): Clou(x) (see also CLOSE).

Dims. (of 2): Clouet; Closon (Belgium).

Ed. note continued - The above origins are interesting in light of miscellaneous Cloud records collected by our late Association member, Roy Cloud of California. Roy found John, William and Robert Clouds on the Devonshire Muster Rolls in the early 1500's listed as 'Archers with long Bowes'. Correspondence with Roy's wife, Jean in 1988 indicated that he also located a Robert de la Cloude and William de la Cloude on the Lay Subsidy Roll 1332, a tax of Edward III for Warwickshire. This would have been a 'lucky find' because, according to Markwell & Saul in The Family Historian's Enquire Within (3rd ed. 1988) names were not generally known to be given in the 14th and 15th century rolls.

CFJ Vol. XIII, No. 1 (1990-1991), p. 24

MISCELLANEOUS WILTSHIRE CLOUD RECORDS 27

Guild Stewards' Book of the Borough of Calne: 1561-1688, edited by A. W. Mabbs, publ. by the Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society, Records Branch, Vol. VII 1951 (1953)

p. xxxii - Hearth Tax Return, 1662:

William Cloud, 2 shillings

Note: "In 1662 a tax was imposed of 2s. a year payable half-yearly on every hearth or stove by the occupier of each dwelling-house." Therefore, the above 2 shilling tax likely represents 2 hearths.

p. 67 (orig. p. 91 [74v.] 1655. The account of William Silke and Humphrey

Townsend guild stewards.

Disbursements: to William Clowde, being behind in his tithingmanship, 14s.

p. 68 (orig. p. 93 [73v.] 1655. The account of William Clowde tithingman. For carry passengers to Studley 14 December, 4s.; for carrying 6 and their diet 25 January, 3s.; for carrying one and his diet to Studley 12 March, ls.; for one other and his diet to Studley, ls.; for diet and guiding 2 passengers to Studley 21 April, ls.; for carrying one to Quemerford 3 may, ls, 4d.; for guiding one and his diet 16 May, ls. 4d.; for carrying one other and his diet 6 August, ls. 4d. Sum ... 14s.

p. 87 (orig. p. 130, [98r.1) 1673/4 - The account of Walter Nichalas guild steward.

Receipts. Incomes: William Cloud, 3s. 4d.

* * * * * * * *

ENGLISH QUAKERS

Bessy's Sufferings of Friends, Vol. II (no date or publ. on ed. copy)

Chapter II, p. 39:

On May 16, 1658 William Cloud with others was attending a Friends Meeting at Calne, Wilts Shire, England when the meeting was broken up by a prty of soldiers, who came with swords drawn, and pistols cocked and violently haled out those that were met and when asked for their warrant, showed their swords, saying, this is our warrant.

On December 7, 1680 William Cloud, "Yeoman" of Seene, in Melksham, Wilts Shire, England was granted 530 acres of Pennsylvania land by William Penn, who signed the account at Gravesend, Kent Shire, England on February 31, 1682.

CFJ Vol. XIII, No. 3 (1990-1991), pp. 57-60 28

WILLIAM CLOUD'S WILTSHIRE

by John Whiles, Calne, Wiltshire

John Whiles, former Mayor and Councilman of Calne, describes for us here the political and religious climate in England-and Wiltshire in particular-when Quaker William Cloud and his family made the decision to take up land offered by William Penn in the Colony of Pennsylvania. He recommends for further reading, History of England by Lord Macauley.

When the 16th Century drew to a close, it bequeathed a number of problems to the new era-disputes between England and Spain abroad, and between Catholic, Anglicans and Puritans at home.

Within a short period of time the position was aggravated by the arrival of the first of the Stuart Kings, James I. Determined to enforce his concept of Kingship, he quickly came into conflict with Parliament at a time when Parliament itself was endeavouring to extend its influence in the affairs of Church and State. As the century developed, and James was succeeded by his son, Charles I, the situation deteriorated further. By 1642 England was engaged in a Civil War that was to continue for the next ten years-on one side the King, many Lords, some members of Parliament, the bulk of the Anglican Church, and the Catholics---on the other side a majority of the Parliament, baked by the Presbyterians, (Independents, Baptists and smaller sects. The victory of the Parliamentary army was followed by the trial and execution of Charles I. During the following eleven years England was ruled by Oliver Cromwell and the Army.

Amidst the tensions and struggles of the century, Robert Cloud and Jane Norys were bringing up their family in the market town of Devizes in Wiltshire. William, their fourth child, born in 1621 was 22 years of Age when the Royalist garrison in the town sallied forth and defeated a Parliamentary army on nearby Roundway Down. Four years later, William married Susan James in the neighbouring town of Calne, and eight children were born to them during the next seventeen years. The first six children were baptized in the Parish Church at Calne, although it is known that, by 1658, William was attending meetings of a new sect which had been founded by George Fox. The Society of Friends, whose members were disparagingly referred to as Quakers by their opponents, were regarded as particularly obnoxious by their religious contemporaries. To the Catholics they were heretics, the Anglicans disliked them because they refused to pay their tithes, and interrupted the services in the Parish Church, and the Presbyterians, Independents and Baptists resented their ability to steal their congregations.

The death of Cromwell in 1658 was followed by the restoration of the Monarchy in 1660 and Charles II was finally crowned eleven years after his father's execution. The Parliament which swept to power at the General Election was more Royalist than the king, and more Anglican than the Bishops. It immediately passed a series of measures designed to uphold the Church of England, and to suppress all who refused to conform to the Prayer Book. People whose views on religion were poles apart found themselves prosecuted under the new legislation regarding failure to attend Church of England services, assembling for religious rites other than services of the Church of England, and a variety of other acts of nonconformity. This resulted in Roman Catholics and Protestant dissenters being tried in the same Courts and locked in the same prisons. As the 1660s merged into the 1670s so the persecution of religious opponents continued to a greater or lesser degree according to the prevailing political climate.

During this time, those who had been Cavaliers and Roundheads in the Civil War had become supporters of the Court an Country parties, and were now developing into two groups with the derisory titles of "Tory" and "Whig

Charles II had no legitimate heir, and the prospect of his brother, Jamesa Roman Catholic, succeeding him filled many people with alarm.

Some looked across the Atlantic to the Continent of America-the New England States on the Eastern seaboard had provided a home for the Puritan exiles, whilst Virginia and Maryland had become a haven for Cavaliers and Catholics. Following a war with the Dutch, further tracts of land in American came into British possession. Included in the transaction was a town named New Amsterdam, soon to be re-named New York in honour of the king's brother. Some of the land obtained from the Dutch now became a target for William Penn, a Quaker who was known to King Charles 11. Charles owed E15,000 to Penn's late father and, in 1680, Penn petitioned the King for land in the new territory in discharge of the debt. Twenty-six million acres were granted to Penn who was required to pay "two beaver skins to be delivered at our said castle of Windsor on the first day of January in every year, and also the fifth part of all gold and silver ore which shall, from time to time, happen to be found."!!

In March 1681 the King signed the charter which authorized Penn to take over the land which was to become Pennsylvania. Penn immediately appointed his cousin William Markham to serve as Deputy Governor of the new colony and sent him to survey and distribute the land, and to settle boundaries. Three months later Markham arrived in the New World and assumed control on behalf of his cousin. In a report, Penn presented a factual account of the new colony, appealing both to the idealism of those who might wish to set up home in a new land free from persecution, and to those who toiled in England without hope of improving their lot. The former were encouraged by the promise of a constitution with a governor and legislature, and the undertaking that no law could be made and no monies raised without consent. The latter were attracted by the fact that the commodities that could be produced were superior in value to those produced in Europe. In turn this would enable those who could not afford to marry in Britain, to do so in the new province, and also to provide their wives and families with convenience items and ornaments in addition to the necessities of life. Among other advantages was the excellent navigation through the Delaware River and Chesapeake Bay, and the warmer climate because the area was further south than England. The allocation of land would be to three categories of persons: those who would buy 5,000 acres at £100, those who would rent up to 200 acres at one penny per acre, and the servant who was carried over. In the case of the servant 50 acres would be allocated to the master and 50 acres to the servant when his time of service expired. The cost of the journey would be £6 per head for masters and mistresses, for servants £5 a head, and for children under seven years of age 50 shillings.

Penn now began the task of selling the land. He journeyed up and down the Great West Road (approximating to the present A4) between London and Bristol, then the second city in the Kingdom. Preaching on route in towns which included Marlborough and Devises, Penn combined his spiritual activities with the selling of land in plots of 200 and 500 acres to people living in or near the districts through which he passed. I In consequence, two-thirds of the early sales of territory was about equally divided between purchasers in London and Bristol, the other third being taken up chiefly in the intervening counties. Between July and October 1681, 300,000 acres of unlocated land was sold in amounts of 250 to 10,000 acres to about 250 purchasers, mainly wealthy members of the Society of Friends. For many Wiltshiremen and women it was a time for decision. In town, village, and hamlet, masons and carpenters, schoolmasters and shoemakers, discussed and deliberated.

Should they continue living in a land where they were liable to persecution for their opinions or should they face the challenges and uncertainties of a fresh start in a new world. Bailey of Bromham, Bushell of Colerne, Collett of Devizes, Flower of Brinkworth, Foreman of Calne, Harding and Mildenhall of Marlborough, Martin of Bedwyn, and Pyle of Bishop's Cannings were amongst those who decided to leave England. William Cloud, now aged 60, and described as a yeoman of Seend decided to go and purchased 500 acres in September 1681. William's second son Joseph was probably the first of the family to depart for America. He and Richard Farr went as indentured servants to John Beazer, a malster of Bishop's Cannings and first purchaser of 1000 acres. Beazer's possessions, which included serges, shoes, cottons, hose, cordage, soap, cheese, butter, and gunpowder were shipped on the 100 ton Bristol Factor loading at Bristol, and Beazer and his servants were probably on board when the boat sailed from Bristol in October 1681. Twelve months later the larger Unicorn sailed from Bristol and included in the cargo were several hundredweights of wrought iron, lead shot, brass, copper and clothing belonging to the Cloud family. Although there is no list of passengers it is probable that William Cloud and his family travelled on the Unicorn together with William's indentured servant Jacob Willis. Two months later the unicorn had crossed the Atlantic, and sailed through the shoals of fish that were to be seen in Delaware Bay. As they passed up the broad highway of the Delaware River, the immigrants would see settlements, forts, and trading posts which had been established by a succession of earlier settlers, comprising Dutch, Swedish, and English adventurers. At the northern extremity of the province of Delaware and close to the settlement of Marcos Hook, the waters of Naaman's Creek emptied into the Delaware River. Close by on the southern bank of the creek was the land purchased by William Cloud. Here for the Cloud family was the beginning of a new life in a new world.

John Whiles further points out that Pennsylvania Archives, third series, Vol. IV has a map at the back showing the grant and William Cloud's land (section XXVI). He finds it interesting to see the names of Wiltshire immigrants spreading over the south and east of Pennsylvania, and the extent of intermarriage between the newcomers.

* CFJ Vol. XVIII, No. 3 (1995-1996), p. 57

JOHN WHILES - WILTSHIRE HISTORIAN 29

Cloud Family Association members will be saddened to learn of the passing of John Whiles of Calne, Wiltshire on January 31, 1996. A dedicated Wiltshire historian, John assisted many Cloud Family researchers and was instrumental in a twinning of Calne, Wiltshire with the Township of Caln in Chester Co. Pennsylvania.

CFJ Vol. XX, No. 1-2 (1997-1998), p. 65

BACKGROUND REGARDING ROBERT AND MAGDALENE CLOUD 30

CFJ Vol. XXI, No. 4 (1998-1999), p. 92

AN EARLY ENGLISH REFERENCE 31

From Abstracts of Wiltshire Inquisitions Post Mortem, Vol. 23, The Index Library George S. & Edward Alexander Fry, eds. (London 1901), p. 235:

The inquisition of James, Earl of Marlborough, May 2, 1633, mentions "premises in Beckinngton held by William Clowd."

CFJ Vol. XXIII, Nos. 2-3 (2000-2001), pp. 32-36

A RETURN VISIT TO WILTSHIRE, ENGLAND

By Sherril Cloud

....

Research done in England by Philip William Cloud had uncovered a great deal of new information about our Cloud ancestry, which corrected some previously inaccurate assumptions and thus was published in the CFJ in 1980. In fact various Wiltshire records from the 1500s and 1600s showed that the Clouds were much more tied to Devizes than to Calne. Our immigrant ancestor, William Cloud, and his siblings were all born in Devizes and their parents, Robert and Joan Cloud, died there. Many other Clouds are also listed in the records for Devizes. 32

....

CFJ Vol. XXIII, Nos. 2-3 (2000-2001), pp. 38-41 33

Index to Calne (Wilts. Eng.) Baptisms, 1538-1637, p. 38

Index to Calne (Wilts. Eng.) Marriages, 1538-1837, p. 38

Descendants of William Cloude (b. ca 1502), p. 39

Southbroom (Wilts. Eng.) Baptisms, 1572-1624, p. 40

Southbroom (Wilts. Eng.) Burials, 1574-1639, p. 40

Errata for Southbroom Baptism & Burial Records, p. 41